Sociologist and Political Scientist

What a Sociologist and Political Scientist Does

If you like studying society -- including social groups and demographics, group behavior, public opinion, political systems, and cultures -- then you should look into the career of a sociologist or political scientist. They work as public policy analysts, market analysts, researchers and research assistants, consultants, writers and other analysts to help businesses, governments, nonprofits and other groups solve problems. Sociologists study group behavior and dynamics, and find trends in how and why people relate to technology, businesses and institutions, laws, and more. They study things like criminal behavior, family dynamics, psychology and public policies to advise educators, lawmakers and other people interested in changing society. Political scientists do similar research but usually focus more on public policies and laws, advising governments and lawmakers. They usually work for firms or research groups.

How to Become a Sociologist and Political Scientist

You will need at least a bachelor's degree to become a sociologist or political scientist, but a graduate degree is required for many positions, including managers, university faculty positions, and research. Most four-year universities and graduate schools offer degree programs in political science or sociology. You can also major in the liberal arts, especially if you intend on going to graduate school where you can specialize in the field. If you're a liberal arts major, take courses in political science, sociology, psychology, statistics, and communication. These courses will teach you about the field but will also help you think creatively and critically. If you want a graduate degree in the field, look for programs in political science, public policy or sociology. Learning a second language may also be helpful. To supplement your income, you may want to teach at a college or university. For this, you will need a master's or doctorate degree and maybe some teaching training.

Career Outlook for Sociologists and Political Scientists

Sociologists held about 4,900 jobs in 2008 and also worked in postsecondary institutions while working on their research. Politicians held about 4,100 jobs, most of whom worked for the federal government. The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that about 1,900 new jobs will be added to the overall profession, which amounts to a 21% increase in employment. That rate is much higher than the national average for all other occupations. Those with higher degrees will have the best chance at finding jobs, as competition is still expected to be high. Sociologists earned a median annual salary of $68,570 in May 2008 and political scientists earned an average of $104,130. The federal government paid sociologists $100,824 in 2009. Depending on your employer, your education and your geographic location, you may be able to secure a higher starting salary.