Materials Engineer

What a Materials Engineer Does

Materials engineers use their knowledge of applied physics, engineering and chemistry to learn more about the fundamental properties of materials so that they can create new materials and products. They design experiments to test materials like different kinds of metals, plastics, semiconductors, composites and biomaterials to determine each material's potential and better understand its properties and characteristics. Depending on their exact job, materials engineers may test existing products to troubleshoot problems and make them more effective, while other materials engineers will develop new products in fields like nanotechnology, microtechnology, and more. Forensic engineering and forensic materials engineering is also becoming a more important sub-discipline within materials engineering, and focuses on how and why materials fail or break down. If you want to become a materials engineer, you will most likely specialize in a particular type of material, like ceramics, metals or crystal structures.

How to Become a Materials Engineer

Materials engineers need to have at least a bachelor's degree, even for entry-level work. If your university does not offer an undergraduate degree in materials engineering, major in general engineering and take courses in the natural sciences and mathematics, too. Many materials engineers use sophisticated computer programs in their work, so taking a few computer science classes should also help you in your career. Make sure that your program is accredited by the ABET, or Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, and consider going to graduate school if you wish to specialize in a certain type of material but weren't given the chance as an undergraduate. Depending on your employer, you may need to become licensed. First, you will take the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam, and then after enough work experience, you can take the Principles and Practice of Engineering exam. After becoming a Professional Engineer (PE) you can become a contractor and also be certified to work directly with the public.

Career Outlook for Materials Engineers

Out of 1.6 million total engineering jobs in the United States in 2008, materials engineers held about 24,400 jobs. The overall job outlook for engineers is strong, and materials engineers can expect an increase in job growth of about 9%, which is close to the national average. As more composite and nontraditional materials are being used in different industries because of biotechnology and nanotechnology research, materials engineers will continue to be needed for jobs. They will have the best chance at finding career opportunities in the professional, scientific, and technical services industries, usually contracted out by manufacturing firms. About 2,300 new jobs will be added to the industry through 2018. As of 2008, the median annual salary for materials engineers was $81,820, though this number can be lower or higher depending on your certification, education, experience and location. The middle 50% of materials engineers earned between $63,830 and $102,040. Those who take advantage of continuing education opportunities to keep abreast of the latest technology systems and research will have the best chance at keeping their jobs and getting promoted.